Kunci Jawaban Soal SNBT: Literasi Bahasa Inggris

2. Read Text 5.

Ivan Pavlov, a Russian physiologist, discovered 'Classical Conditioning' accidentally while studying digestion in dogs. He noticed that his dogs began to salivate not just when they tasted food, but when they saw the lab assistant who fed them. To test this, he paired a neutral stimulus (a bell sound) with the presentation of food (unconditioned stimulus). After repeated pairings, the dogs began to salivate (conditioned response) at the sound of the bell alone, even without food.

This experiment demonstrated that behaviors can be learned through association. A neutral environmental cue can trigger a biological reflex if the two are linked repeatedly. This principle underpins much of behavioral psychology and explains how phobias are formed (e.g., associating a dog with a bite) and how advertising works (associating a product with happiness).

What was Pavlov originally studying before he discovered conditioning?

A. The effect of music on animals

B. The sleeping patterns of dogs

C. The hearing ability of dogs

D. The digestive system of dogs

E. The aggression levels in dogs

Baca Juga: Kunci Jawaban Soal SNBT: Literasi Bahasa Indonesia

Jawaban:

D. The digestive system of dogs

Teks: 'discovered Classical Conditioning accidentally while studying digestion in dogs'.

3. Read the following news text.

Biomining: Extracting Metals with Microbes

Traditional mining is one of the most polluting industries on Earth, often using toxic chemicals like cyanide to extract metals from ore. A greener alternative is 'biomining,' a process that uses microorganisms (bacteria and fungi) to break down rocks and release valuable metals like copper and gold. This method, known as bioleaching, mimics natural processes but at an accelerated rate.